L1s keep getting the story wrong. They operate like infrastructure companies, charging per transaction like AWS charges per compute cycle, when they're actually financial networks.

Writing this to address a common misunderstanding. Solana's MCP proposal does not solve scaling. It doesn't even claim to! Yet this misunderstanding persists. MCP solves a fundamentally different problem; crucial, but distinct from horizontal scaling, which is what centralized ledgers with bridging attempt to solve.

There are only a few blockchains that have truly changed crypto paradigm: Ethereum → Solana → Hyperliquid. And they all have a common thread.

N1 Presents the 2025 Crypto End-User Report. This survey offers valuable insights into how users engage with cryptocurrency, their investment behaviors, and overall sentiment.

Novel architectures to enable concurrency control for ultimately a non-concurrent architecture and workload. Hundreds of millions dollars worth of man-hours, entire lifetimes, massive termsheets, poured into making the EVM fast. All completely wasted.

A two-chain system shifts the trade-offs in a way that makes sense. Instead of forcing one network to optimize for everything at once, the system is split into two specialized environments: a Ledger Chain for financial integrity and a Compute Chain for high-performance execution.

We built the fastest rollup on Ethereum, achieving 100k+ tps, then left Ethereum, here's how and why...

Layer N is now N1.

Market making is a crucial aspect of open finance. We explore the tangible effects of latency on market makers’ ability to provide competitive spreads and liquidity on blockchain systems.

Vitalik, in his Endgame article, discusses possible long term futures for the ecosystem, arguing that rollups, in a sense, are execution shards, though with a different set of tradeoffs than native sharding...

N1 has launched a liquidity program to support decentralized financial applications. Amber Group, a leader in digital asset and wealth management, is the first participant, with a $20 million commitment.

Froehlich brings his expertise in bridging traditional finance with digital assets to Layer N.

Layer N conducted a closed testnet for Nord Engine, it's first trading-optimized rollup engine, and achieved significant throughput benchmarks.

Layer N raises $5 million in a seed round co-led by Founders Fund, dao5, with participation from other major partners like Amber group, Kraken Ventures, SALT, GSR, and more.

When designing a rollup, one key design consideration is how to ensure security and trust while still increasing the scalability of the underlying Layer 1.